Child and Adolescent Cultural-Social Research

Child and Adolescent Cultural-Social Research

Clarifying the Effect of Family Social Capital on Adolescents’ Return to Mosque Attendance and Their Religious Participation: A Case Study of Male Teenagers in District 18

Document Type : Original Article

Authors
Hadi Amani 1
mansoore fasihramandi 2
1 کارشناسی ارشد مدیریت امور فرهنگی دانشگاه آزاد اسلامی واحد تهران شمال، ایران (نویسنده مسئول)HadiAmani1364@glail.com
2 Faculty member in Culture, Art and Communications Research Center
10.22083/cssca.2024.485765.1041
Abstract
Introduction: The family, as the primary agent of socialization, plays a crucial role in shaping individuals’ self-concept, their understanding of social relationships, and their sense of group membership. Beyond biological and hereditary traits, families transmit a set of values, beliefs, behavioral patterns, and cultural characteristics that significantly influence an individual’s socialization. Through both internal and external family interactions, beliefs, emotions, relationships, and social responsibilities are instilled, forming the foundation of an individual’s integration into society.
Given this, the family is a key factor in shaping adolescents’ inclination to attend mosques and engage in religious participation. Since family dynamics influence not only religious involvement but also broader social participation, it is essential to study the role of family social capital in fostering adolescents’ religious engagement. Accordingly, this study seeks to answer the following question: How does family social capital contribute to adolescents’ willingness to attend mosques and participate in religious activities? 
This study aims to examine the effect of family social capital on adolescents’ mosque attendance and religious participation. The theoretical framework is based on Coleman’s theory of social capital and Durkheim’s theory of religious participation. The research focuses on male adolescents in District 18, with a sample size of 385 individuals aged 12 to 18, selected through non-probability sampling.  
Methods: This study adopts a quantitative research approach, utilizing survey methods for data collection. A 13-item questionnaire with a five-point Likert scale was used, with validity and reliability confirmed through face validity, confirmatory factor analysis, and Cronbach’s alpha. The collected data were analyzed using SPSS statistical software.  
Results: The findings indicate that the most influential factors affecting adolescents’ mosque attendance and religious participation, in order of significance, 
include:
The presence of family members in the mosque
Encouragement from family
Parents’ occupation
Family size
5. The nature of adolescents’ religious participation in the mosque
The study confirms a significant relationship between family social capital and adolescents’ tendency to attend the mosque, aligning with Coleman’s assertion that family social capital is a key determinant of children’s cognitive and social development during socialization. Furthermore, the study validates the relationship between mosque attendance and religious participation and confirms the impact of family social capital on adolescents’ religious involvement in mosques.
In line with Durkheim’s theory, these results highlight that religion is not merely a system of beliefs but also a system of actions, encompassing practical rituals. As family social capital increases, adolescents’ motivation to engage in religious activities and attend mosques is expected to grow. This finding underscores the family’s role as a mechanism for transmitting religious values, shaping religious identity in early stages, and ultimately fostering adolescents’ religious participation and mosque attendance.
Keywords
نوجوان
مسجد
سرمایه اجتماعی خانواده
مشارکت
مشارکت دینی
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Child and Adolescent Cultural-Social Research
Volume 2, Issue 2 - Serial Number 5
Summer 2024
Pages 111-129